America s Declaration Of Independence - 1356 Words

Ever since the beginning of the â€Å"Land of the free and home of the brave†, America has held itself to a certain cluster of standards. The framework done by our founding fathers was not to form a country that would please the people in the beginning, but to be able to survive and thrive in the new upcoming and technological advancing world. Those standards that were so brilliantly written into the nation’s Declaration of Independence claimed that everyone was entitled to â€Å"certain unalienable rights† and these rights included â€Å"the right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.† (Jefferson). Today the American government has the job of living up to the standards it set in the declaration, but also the organization of how government†¦show more content†¦(Sack) With this land they were to be able to do what they wanted without American government interference. So when the idea of repositioning the pipeline to travel through the Siou x tribe’s territory, it was seen to those of Sioux tribe and those well aware of their history, that this would be the government going back on a promise. Now that the problem of clashing ideals has been presented how does one review the situation the right way? In this case one must look back too what the ideas, beliefs, and precedents that the American country was founded upon. Some would say that if the construction took place that the government would be invalidating the Declaration of Independence, taking away the rights of Sioux nation to hold its land. To others who agree to the construction it might come down to, well doesn’t the federal government have the responsibility to do what is best for the country? Taking both of these into account, another reason this is seen as a bad government project is the â€Å"possibility of the oil damaging or poisoning the main water supply of the Sioux nation† (K., Adrienne). This is where the biggest reason for no con struction comes into play, because most who are protesting are focused on the importance of water. As protesting goes on emotions build up which can result in a public revolt thatShow MoreRelatedThe Declaration Of Independence : America s Political Philosophy And Its Way Of Life Essay1755 Words   |  8 PagesThe Declaration of Independence is still a profoundly relevant document for our time, in the political philosophy it espouses, as well as it’s keen view of human nature and its examination of our desire for freedom and happiness. It is also a known document that binds our nation together as one for â€Å"Life, Liberty and the  pursuit of Happiness.† I believe the Declaration of Independence still accurately reflects America’s political philosophy and its way of life as we see today. Because the DeclarationRead MoreThe Acceptance Of Blacks : America s Birth With The Signing Of The Declaration Of Independence1643 Words   |  7 PagesThe Acceptance of B lacks in White America From America s birth with the signing of the Declaration of Independence there have been few movements that have affected as many people as the Civil Rights movement. In a world where blacks were always seen as inferior, any other notion or conception of blacks was highly untolerated. Since Abraham Lincoln had freed the slaves in 1886, there had been no discernable change in the state of racial affairs in America. Not until Brown v. Board of EducationRead MoreWhite Privilege : An Integral Part Of America s Declaration Of Independence Essay1414 Words   |  6 Pages White Privilege Our country was founded on the notion that â€Å"all men are created equal,† while this concept is an integral part of America’s Declaration of Independence, the fundamental idea has never genuinely been practiced. Our country established a white supremacy culture in its founding days, and has accepted the concept since. White supremacy is the belief that white people are superior to those of all other races. Although there have been valiant efforts, the inequality of the races has neverRead MoreWomen s Oppression During The Land Of The Free1336 Words   |  6 PagesWomen’s Oppression in the Supposedly Land of the Free The Declaration of Independence represents justice, equality, and natural human rights. Written to liberate American citizens from British control, the document stood for the colonists to live as freely as they wished. As grand as this document is, the pronouns and terminology used throughout this document is in the eye of controversy when the rights and status of women become involved. Mary Wollstonecraft, writer of A Vindication of the RightsRead MoreThe Declaration Of Independence : What Shaped And Provided The Freedom The United States Of America1030 Words   |  5 PagesAbstract The declaration of Independence is what shaped and provided the freedom the United States of America has today. The Declaration of Independence today is looked at a symbol for America to reflect on as it paved the way for most of the rights we have today. This document has been fundamental to american history longer than any other text because it was the first text to use â€Å"The United States of America† and in a sense the Declaration was the birth certificate of the American nationRead MoreReasons For Writing The Declaration Of Independence927 Words   |  4 PagesReasons for Writing the Declaration of Independence Every July 4, Americans celebrate the signing of the Declaration of Independence, but do we really understand why it was written in the first place? The Declaration of Independence, written by Thomas Jefferson and adopted by the Second Continental Congress on July 4, 1776 is by far one of the most important historical documents for the United States of America (Stockdale, 2016). In Jefferson s words, the Declaration was written, In order to placeRead MoreA comparison of the United States Constitution And The Declaration of Independence712 Words   |  3 Pagesand The Declaration of Independence are two of America s most famous documents that laid the foundation for it s independence as a nation and separation from British rule. The following paper will compare these two documents and decipher the difference of the two. While both Declaration of Independence and the United States Constitution contain important information regarding America s independence they are also different in many respects. Drafted by Thomas Jefferson, the Declaration of is IndependenceRead MoreThe Declaration Of Independence : Uncovering Its Strategic Art1263 Words   |  6 PagesThe Declaration of Independence: Uncovering Its Strategic Art The fundamental purpose of America’s Declaration of Independence was to illustrate to foreign nations why the colonies had decided to detach and disassociate themselves from Great Britain. The Revolutionary War had already been in motion, and numerous major battles had occurred. The American colonies had already cut most major ties to England, and had established their very own currency, congress, army, and post office. On June 7, 1776Read MoreCompare And Contrast Patrick Henry And Thomas Jefferson1220 Words   |  5 PagesPeriod Compare and Contrast Essay 20 October 2017 The Demand for Independence vs Death The revolutionary period was the age of reason. It was the period in time when civilians wanted to take control of their unalienable rights; â€Å"Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness† (Jefferson). Both Patrick Henry and Thomas Jefferson took part in the revolutionary period. They were both leaders that took action to receive independence from Great Britain. The two revolutionary leaders are remarkably comparableRead MoreThe Declaration Of Independence By Thomas Jefferson1003 Words   |  5 Pagesof 1776, the Continental Congress in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania adopted the Declaration of Independence. Thomas Jefferson was the author of The Declaration of Independence, the document that stated the reasons that lead up to why the British colonies of North America wanted an searched for independence. It was then that it was adopted by the Second Continental Congress. June of 1776, the presentment of the Declaration to the continental Congress committee took place after ma ny series of debates

Target Corp Strategic Recommendation Essay - 9714 Words

Target Corp. Strategic Analysis MAN4720 Section 22 -Wednesdays 7:30pm Team: Risky Business Christine Majewski Jake Morgan Kristin Stearker Cory Verez Executive Summary The purpose of this analysis is to inform the board of team Risky Business’ strategic proposal related to Target Corporation’s Health Wellness category. Target is already a multi-million dollar company, but after analyzing the company, our team has come up with a few strategic recommendations to aid in the continued success of Target. We have found that Target strives to combine top of the line innovation, excellent customer service, and unparallel value at attractive prices to customers using their Expect More. Pay Less ® brand promise. The Target Corporation†¦show more content†¦Two branded credit cards, the Target Card and the Target Visa, and one Target branded debit card, offer credit to customers through the US Credit Card segment (Reuters, 2013). In 2012, the total REDCard penetration was 13.6%, up from 9.3% the prior year. Although more people are signing up for credit, the total revenue generated from this segment has been declining since 2010 (Tar get Corporation, 2013). See Exhibit 1 for US Credit Card segment details. The Canadian segment includes the recently acquired Zeller’s, Inc. store locations in Canada. Start-up costs for this segment were $272 million in 2011 and $74 million in 2012 (Target Corporation, 2013). The US Retail segment includes Target’s online business, its general merchandise stores, and SuperTargets (Reuters, 2013). Target.com is designed to allow guests to purchase products directly from online and/or to assist them in locating the product in a store near them. To aid in differentiating themselves, Target uses the web platform to sell not only its general merchandise, but also to introduce six brands sold exclusively through this medium (Target Brands, Inc., 2013c). The online presence aids in the vision of the company by offering multiple channels through which a customer can interact with Target. The brick and mortar stores of the US Retail segment offer general merchandise and groceries through the discount chain. Target and SuperTargets differ in that SuperTargets offer aShow MoreRelatedExecutive Summary : Gateway Computers1405 Words   |  6 PagesExecutive Summary Gateway computers was incorporated in the year 1985 and gained high popularity amongst the target audiences ever since then. The organization has always promised high technology to the customers and maximum value to the stakeholders (Azad, 2011). Gateway has been highly recognized as one of the first organizations to sell the computers online apart from its brick and mortar retail stores. This has also helped the organization to gain a competitive advantage in the market. With theRead MoreTorstar Case Study1600 Words   |  7 Pagessacrificing Torstars ability to acquire strategic investments to maintain capital expenditure requirements. This includes determining policies on dividend payouts, stock repurchases stock splits. This case will be analyzed from the point of view of Robert Steacy, Vice-President of Finance of Torstar Corporation. Background: On April 28th, 1998, Robert Steacy will meet with the board of directors to discuss his memorandum stating the pros, cons and recommendations with respect to the amount of regularRead MoreOccupational Stress, Employee s Health And Well Being, Ob Theories Essay1544 Words   |  7 Pagesexpressed as an ability) that helps an individual !2 maintain stable functioning during and following exposure to stressful situations (Windle,2011 ; Bonanno, 2004) . Resilient employees play a major role in achieving the organisational goals and targets effectively . They contribute to the firm’s ability to handle and tackle dynamic conditions, uncertainty and other changes successfully and efficiently (Lengnick-Hall, Beck Lengnick-Hall, 2011) . Therefore, in conclusion to the topic of resilienceRead MoreAir Defense Artillery On The Vietnam War Essay1469 Words   |  6 PagesArsenault, SSG Everett, SSG Powell, SGT Kencsan ADA ALC (INTRODUCTION) In August 1964, Vietnamese DRV torpedo boats attacked two U.S. destroyers in the Gulf of Tonkin. President London B. Johnson ordered the retaliatory bombing of military targets in North Vietnam. Shortly after the incident, U.S. congress passed the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, giving President Johnson war-making powers, and U.S. planes began regular bombing raids (Reference http://www.history.com/topics/vietnam-war/vietnam-war-historyRead MoreFed-Ex Case Study2076 Words   |  9 PagesFed-Ex Case Study In 1971 FedEx Express developed the modern air/ground express industry; in 1998 the corporation was created as FDX Corp. and became FedEx Corp. in January of 2000. 1. History and Background of the company 2. Identifying the success in Management 3. Analysis and Evaluation 4. Action Plan and Recommendations 5. Fed-Ex Today History Throughout its history, FedEx has been a leader in the transportation and information industry. In 1965, YaleRead MoreSharp Corporation Essay1622 Words   |  7 PagesCORPORATION: BEYOND JAPAN INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MANAGEMENT TABLE OF CONTENT PROBLEM STATEMENT †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 3 ANALYSIS †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦............†¦ 3 DISCUSSION OF ALTERNATIVES †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 4 RECOMMENDATION †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 5 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 5 CITATIONS †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 7 EXHIBITS †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 8 PROBLEM STATEMENT Sharp Corporation needs a major overhaul of its business model. Sharp’s previous modelRead MoreThe Internal Environment Analysis : Wyndham Worldwide1590 Words   |  7 Pagesthe industry. An internal and external analysis of the company, opportunities, and threats faced by the firm, its competitive advantage, and a strategic focus reveal the issues that need to be addressed henceforth for it to remain relevant in an increasingly competitive global market. The paper provides a problem statement, alternatives, and recommendations that Wyndham Worldwide can engage. The internal environment analysis focuses on current marketing strategy and performance, present and anticipatedRead MoreEssay on Project Critique1355 Words   |  6 Pages Analysis and Critique The Navy Marine Corps Intranet (NMCI) project, undertaken by Electronic Data Communications (EDC) is the biggest government undertaking of its kind. It aims to provide a single seamless network which would provide a centralized communication to the Navy and Marine. It also aims to integrate the legacy systems with the new secured environment. The NMCI project aimed to connect about 400,000 desktops into a common network, which would provide a unified communicationRead MoreOld Navy Promotional Strategy: An Analysis and Recommendations1131 Words   |  5 PagesMarketing Programs Sirs: We understand you have some concerns regarding the Old Navy promotional strategy to use online video instead of television, particularly to focus on adult males as a key demographic. Below you will find our analysis and recommendations regarding the campaign and potential future programs. The definition of E-Commerce or E-Tailing is replacing the traditional relationship of buying and selling in person or the phone with the use of the Internet, Smart Phones and networking.Read MoreCase Studies1745 Words   |  7 Pagesa solid second-place position in the supermarket. There was no effort at umbrella brand identiï ¬ cation, so each product area was carried by its own brand. Joyce Stevenson had previously been in strategic planning, and reviewed the type of information and analysis that would be required to support a strategic decision like this one. She wrote down the following four sets of questions to guide the thinking of the research group: 1. Market analysis ââ€"   What are the size, current growth rate, and projected

The Marshall Plan Free Essays

THE MARSHALL PLAN By the end of World War II much of Europe was devastated. The region’s economic structure was ruined and the devastation to agriculture left millions starving and homeless. During the war, Axis powers targeted the transportation infrastructure, leaving railways, bridges, and roads in a state of severe disrepair. We will write a custom essay sample on The Marshall Plan or any similar topic only for you Order Now Much of the civilian merchant shipping industry had also suffered severe damage. Due to the economic strain placed on the European countries during the war, many had exhausted their treasuries. If not for The United State’s aid in the form of the Lend-Lease program during wartime efforts, this damage would have been much worse and the outcome may have been different. The United States however, did not suffer the same severity of destruction on its own territory. Consequently its massive agriculture and manufacturing base was still intact. For these reasons, The United States saw it necessary to offer goods, services, and monies to any European or Asian country, be it an Allied or Axis power. The U. S. continued providing aid after the war was over. Between 1945 and 1948, the U. S. ent $12 billion in aid to European Nations. The world’s major economies were crumbling and the U. S. realized the global impact. General George C. Marshall introduced a recovery plan in 1947, the European Recovery Plan or ERP. This plan, which later became known as the Marshall Plan, was the primary program for rebuilding and creating a stronger economic foundation for the countries of Western Europe during the post-war era, 1948-1952. The Marshall Plan provided an additional $13 billion in aid to European nations. Post-war relief from the U. S. totaled $25 billion. With a GDP of $258 billion, U. S. post-war investment in foreign countries totaled 10% of its GDP. For all Marshall Plan participants, the economic output was 35% higher in 1951 than the 1938 pre-war era. Poverty and starvation disappeared and Western Europe began two decades of growth in which it saw a drastic increase in the standards of living. This plan was a key element in European recovery and integration. It erased trade barriers and set up institutions to coordinate a global economy. Efforts were made to model European industrial and business practices using the more efficient American models. The Marshall Plan and the Bretton Woods system mandated free trade throughout the region. Through these acts, European nations standardized international exchange rates, set up the International Monetary Fund and the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, which is now part of the World Bank Group. The European Coal and Steel Community which eventually became the European Union has roots in the Marshall Plan. Today, the term â€Å"Marshall Plan† has become a metaphor for any large scale government program that is designed to solve a specific social problem. It is usually used when calling for federal spending to correct a perceived failure of the private sector. The Marshall Plan has played an integral part in establishing a global economy. References http://www. polsci. ucsb. edu/faculty/cohen/inpress/bretton. html http://www. archives. gov/exhibits/featured_documents/marshall_plan/ http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Marshall_Plan#Criticism http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Marshall_Plan http://en. wikiquote. org/wiki/George_Marshall#Essentials_to_Peace_. 281953. 29 How to cite The Marshall Plan, Papers The Marshall Plan Free Essays string(128) " purported to involve Soviet subsidies and trade with eastern Europe, became known as the Molotov Plan, and later, the COMECON\." By the end of WWII the political map of the world was distinctly shaped. The former allies in anti-Hitler coalition entered into the era of ideological, military and industrial confrontation the humanity had never a chance to experience before; a confrontation used to be known as the Cold War with its iron curtain, unprecedented arm race and the support of various regimes including those which built their state doctrine on the ideology of terrorism. The political map of the post-war Europe was divided into two political camps, a pro-Soviet Eastern alliance and the Western Europe exhausted by the bloody war. We will write a custom essay sample on The Marshall Plan or any similar topic only for you Order Now The natural disasters of 1947-1947 ruined the agricultural infrastructure of some European countries. Especially damaged was transportation infrastructure, as railways, bridges, and roads had all been heavily targeted by air strikes, while much merchant shipping had been sunk. By and large the small towns and villages in Western Europe had suffered little damage, but the destruction of transportation left them economically isolated. None of these problems could be easily remedied, as most nations engaged in the war had exhausted their treasuries in its execution. With the formation of the confronting political camps the urgent political and economic actions were required first of all to reconstruct the economy of the countries opposed to the pro-Soviet block and secondly, to restrain the further expansion of the Soviet Union in Europe. The Marshall Plan (from its enactment, officially the European Recovery Program (ERP)) was the primary plan of the United States for rebuilding the allied countries of Europe and repelling communism after World War II. The initiative was named for United States Secretary of State George Marshall and was largely the creation of State Department officials, especially William L. Clayton and George F. Kennan. 1 In fact the Plan was offered to the Soviet Union if it accepted certain conditions like the changes in the political system and the outer control. It was understood that the conditions suggested by the US Administration would never be accepted by the Soviet rulers. The general idea of the Marshall Plan presupposed the elimination the tariffs, close economic integration and it could be said that the Plan was the beginning of the Euro integration process which is taking place nowadays. The attitude towards the idea of the European reconstruction was rather controversial in America. First of all such foreign policy was new for the United States and changed the foreign policy of the pre-war isolationism. At the same time the lessons of the WWII showed that the global security could not be provided under the isolationism doctrine. The State Department under Harry S. Truman was dedicated to pursuing an activist foreign policy, but the Congress was somewhat less interested. Originally, it was hoped that little would need to be done to rebuild Europe and that the United Kingdom and France, with the help of their colonies, would quickly rebuild their economies. By 1947 there was still little progress, however. A series of cold winters aggravated an already poor situation. The European economies did not seem to be growing as high unemployment and food shortages led to strikes and unrest in several nations. In 1947 the European economies were still well below their pre-war levels and were showing few signs of growth. Agricultural production was 83% of 1938 levels, industrial production was 88%, and exports only 59%. 2 It was the objective reality that the United States was the only country the economy of which was not seriously damaged by the war and the bipolar nature of the post WWII world needed some action restraining the Soviet influence. The ruinous effect of the WWII was the fertile soil for spreading the Communist ideas and consequently the influence of the USSR which was not limited by the ideology only but by the growing military, political and economic presence. On June, June 5, 1947 Secretary of State George Marshall gave the address to the graduating class of Harvard University in which he stated the preparedness of the United States to give the aid to European countries. The most important provision of the speech was that the Europeans should create their own plan of the economic reconstruction and the United States would finance such reconstruction. UK and France considered it necessary to invite the Soviet Union to join the European program of the post war reconstruction. Such appeal to Stalin would exclude possibly hostility from the USSR on one hand but on the other hand it was clear that the USSR would never accept the offer because the Cold War had already started by that time by the Soviet leaders. The major reason the aid was rejected by the Soviet rulers was that the Plan presupposed the creation of the unified European economy which was incompatible with the command economy of Soviet socialism. The US Administration considered the global economic stability to the guarantee of the political stability and security which was stated in Marshall Plan Speech in Harvard. â€Å"It is logical that the United States should do whatever it is able to do to assist in the return of normal economic health in the world, without which there can be no political stability and no assured peace. Our policy is directed not against any country or doctrine but against hunger, poverty, desperation and chaos. Its purpose should be the revival of a working economy in the world so as to permit the emergence of political and social conditions in which free institutions can exist†. 3 The position of the Soviet Union and it allies towards the Marshall Plan was rather predictable. Soviet rulers considered the Marshall Plan to be an attempt to destroy the Soviet domination in the Eastern Europe. The USSR allies influenced by the USSR, Poland and Czechoslovakia rejected the offered aid. Finland also declined in order to avoid antagonizing the Soviets. The Soviet Union’s â€Å"alternative† to the Marshall plan, which was purported to involve Soviet subsidies and trade with eastern Europe, became known as the Molotov Plan, and later, the COMECON. You read "The Marshall Plan" in category "Papers" 4 Some scholars consider the Marshall Plan to be a milestone and even a starting point on the long term global confrontation known as the Cold War. â€Å"Our analysis of the Marshall Plan will show that it was American policies as much as (and perhaps more than) Soviet actions that finally led to the division of Europe and thus to the Cold War itself. Many historians will feel uncomfortable with this conclusion; and it is certainly not a point of view that is popular with American historians, especially now. Nor should this much surprise us. After all, the Marshall Plan has always tended to receive favorable reviews within the United States—partly because few appear inclined to think critically about an act of generosity involving something close to $13 billion;19 partly because in the context of 1947 the Marshall Plan stood in sharp contrast to its shrill predecessor, the Truman Doctrine; and partly because of the huge reputation of George Marshall, whose role in the Marshall Plan was commemorated by the British government with the scholarships that still bear his name. †5 Cox and Kennedy-Pipe suggest that the Marshall Plan was one of the major reasons of the division of Europe and it led to the Cold War. But this approach looks like that which is a little bit simplified. The confrontation of the USSR and USA was unavoidable no matter what political processes took place in the post WWII globe. First of all the confrontation was originally programmed in the ideological difference of the two systems. Nowadays we can observe the nominally Communist China and Vietnam integrating in the world market economy. The modern economies of China and Vietnam have nothing common with the traditional communist command economy. It could be said that the ideological basis of the modern China and Vietnam contradicts completely to the traditional communist approach to economy when the market and the competition according to classics of Marxism-Leninism are aimed to exploitation of the working class and prosperity of the ruling class. Nobody knows what kind of confrontation would be if the Marshall Plan were not introduced. One of the possible scenarios could be that the Europe remained in ruins, Soviets gained the unlimited influence and the greater part of Europe would get involved into the crazy arm race without any restrictive factor which would lead to the new global conflict. The Marxian ideologists interpreted the Marshall Plan as the manifestation of the US neo-colonial global policy. â€Å"US imperialism has never had need to operate in the traditional manner of the British, French or German imperialisms. These countries had to acquire direct political possession of the colonial areas in order to control, subjugate and exploit them. American imperialism, with its overwhelming capacity to produce, has always used economic penetration as its main weapon of gaining economic and political control over another country. †6 The American Marshall Plan was heavily criticized both in the United States and abroad. The opinions ranged from â€Å"the betrayal of the American interests† to â€Å"the attempt of global domination† but there was no any reasonable alternative suggested. The political aim of the Marshall Plan as it was stated above was to restrain the Soviet expansion and influence in the post War Europe and the entire world. The United States and the USSR were two global superpowers which defeated the Hitler block. At the same time as it was stated above they have basic system ideological differences which in their essence were incompatible. The United States and the USSR were destined to confrontation due to such differences. The first post – war political initiative of the USSR was the creation of the pro-Soviet block in Europe. Germany, Italy and Japan were destructed and demoralized to oppose the growing Soviet influence. The spread of the Soviet influence created the real threat to the entire world. What is more, the situation looked like paradox because the United States assisted to strengthen the position of its ideological opponent in the world. Due to its geopolitical position the United States could not provide the symmetric political presence in Europe. The Great Britain ran its traditional isolationist policy. France was not economically and politically strong enough to oppose the Soviet influence. â€Å"If Russia came to control Europe and Asia, this control could be founded only on communist dictatorships maintained against the will of the majorities of the peoples. The mere existence of a great free country like our own, to which anti-Soviet forces could gravitate, would then be a major danger (even more than it is today) to the security of the Soviet political structure. For this reason, the Russians would inevitably focus the full force of their economic and military power upon the destruction of our society, with a view to establishing here a regime subservient to themselves which would make no further trouble for them. They would hope that in this way the conscience of the world could be finally silenced†. 7 Such attitude towards position of Russia was a little bit exaggerated especially when Mr. Kennan said about the direct Russian aggression against the United States but still it indicated the real threat of Russian influence in the world. It is worth reminding that Mr. Kennan spoke about the Soviet threat to American society in 1948 when there were only two dominating military and political forces in the world, the USA and the USSR, one of which started forming the military and political block risking the superpower global balance. It is worth noting that the initial confrontation of the superpowers was the battle for minds. The Europeans with their destructed economies had the options to choose either the ideology of Communism with its dictatorship and command economy or find the way to rehabilitate their post-war economies on the basis of free market and the United States entered this battle for the sake of the Europeans. The post-war situation is similar to that of nowadays when the United States faces the problem of battling the global terrorism including the economic measures. As Gordon O. F. Johnson notes â€Å"Today we are fighting for the minds of those throughout the world who are inclined to support and sympathize with international terrorists. Just as the aim of the Marshall Plan was to â€Å"drain the swamps† where communism was drawing support, so we today must â€Å"drain the swamps† where international terrorism recruits and draws its support. †8 The outcomes of the Marshall Plan are of great significance for Europe and entire world. The most important of them is that the United States and the civilized community introduced and implemented the unprecedented tool of collective reconstruction. It is worth mentioning that the post-war European economies were rehabilitated by the Europeans themselves with the assistance of the United States. The essence of the Marshall speech at Harvard was that the European countries were supposed to reconstruct their countries themselves and the United States was not supposed to interfere into this process. That is, the United States provided only the tools for reconstruction without imposing any dictatorship. Another important outcome of the Marshall Plan was that the former enemies in the World War II succeeded to join their efforts in building the new Europe taking away the political, economic and ideological disagreements of the former enemies in the bloodiest war of the human history. The Marshall Plan apart from its economic value became the factor consolidating Europe. â€Å"The objective of the Marshall Plan was not to solve the problem of poverty by handouts and welfare systems, but rather to foster successful enterprises which would create productive jobs with a genuine future. Jobs and a strong middle class were key to fighting communism. They were key for Europeans to rebuild from the rubble and offer hope for their youth who were the most susceptible to the message of international communism. †8 The history of the mankind knows a lot of examples when the political and economic actions were imposed from outside. The Marshall Plan gave the brilliant example when the effective assistance program had the local character. It was taken as fair and sincere action because of its transparency and the complete lack of the outer dictatorship. It had a great ideological value as well indicating that people of the countries which were completely destructed by the devastating war were able to rehabilitate their economies and rebuild their home countries. Citation 1. Wikipedia 2. Ibid 3. Text of the Marshall Plan Speech 4. Wikipedia 5. Cox and Kennedy-Pipe 6. Homer Paxon 7. George F. Kennan 8. Gordon O. F. Johnson 9. Ibid Bibliography †¢ Marshall Plan, Wikipedia, available at http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Marshall_Plan#searchInput, retrieved 9. 11. 2006 †¢ Text of the Marshall Plan Speech, available at http://www. marshallfoundation. org/marshall_plan_speech_harvard. html#top, retrieved 9. 11. 2006 †¢ Cox and Kennedy-Pipe, The Tragedy of American Diplomacy? Rethinking the Marshall Plan, available at http://www. polisci. ucla. edu/faculty/trachtenberg/cv/jcws(marshall%20orig). pdf, retrieved 9. 11. 2006 †¢ Homer Paxon Marshall Plan: Road to Conquest Analysis of the American Way of Imperialism, From New International, Vol. 14 No. 5, July 1948, pp. 138-143. , available at http://www. marxists. org/history/etol/newspape/ni/vol14/no05/paxon. htm#top, retrieved 9. 11. 2006 †¢ George F. Kennan on the Strategic Background, available at http://www. marshallfoundation. org/marshall_plan_information. html, retrieved 9. 11. 2006 †¢ Gordon O. F. Johnson, Lessons for Today from the Marshall Plan, CIPE. ORG Feature Service: Technical Paper Series January 2002, available at CIPE. ORG, retrieved 9. 11. 2006. How to cite The Marshall Plan, Papers

Data Refers Different Types Of Algorithms †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Data Refers Different Types Of Algorithms? Answer: Introducation The case study has highlighted the issue related to big data security in the data storage systems. The term big data refers to different types of algorithms, technology and the infrastructure which can store and analyze massive amount of data. There are several and diversified sources of big data which are used for adoption and the development of big data applications. In the present times, big data applications are necessary to increase the efficiency and the effectiveness of the decision-making in large business organizations. In the present times, data and knowledge is considered as the most crucial asset for the business organizations. The applications of big data are ranging from the military, science and business intelligence (Lopez Saleem, 2017). Although big data has immense applications in different work and operations in business enterprises, it also bears several types of security and privacy risk for the users. Big data applications are becoming target of various threat agents and with time, several specialized attacks will also be devised to exploit the vulnerabilities and the threats of big data. It has been identified that the big data threat includes but is not limited to the theft of ordinary data and new breaches and degradation and threats have emerged which can impact the data which is collected with the help of big data collection method. The frequency of outsourcing in big data can introduce new type of breach, leakage and degradation threats. They can also impact on the privacy and data protection. In big data system, additional time is required for parallelization and ingestion; however, the requirement of additional time can increase the impact and frequency of data leakage and breach. In addition to it, sev eral security challenges and issues are aligned with big data asset owners and the interest of different asset owners are not aligned together and might be in conflict. The security countermeasures may be in conflicts which can create a difficult big data security landscape. The report has highlighted the security issues with the big data. Moreover, the report has identified the gaps between big threat and countermeasures in the big data. If the business organizations adopt basic privacy and security practices, it can decrease the privacy and security risks in big data organizations. The initial security arrangements can be beneficial for the organization and it will reduce the cost and effort required to provide ad hoc solutions later on (Sharvari, Solanki, Kumar, Nilanjan, 2017). The current countermeasure technique should adapt the existing solutions against the traditional data threats in the big data environment. It should also focus on adaptation of the existing solutions to the big data challenges. The report has provided several recommendations such as departure from the traditional data security methods to big data specific solutions. The business organizations should also identify the gaps and needs in the current standardization activities and focus on training and specialization of the professionals. The organization should define the tools and techniques for the security and the privacy protection and simplify or customize the solutions for mitigating risk and threats in the business organizations (Mather, Kumaraswamy, Latif, 2009). With the advent of big data, several new security and privacy threats have arisen. The threats refer to any event which may provide unauthorized access, damage or denial of service to a third party organization. According to the personal perception, the information leakage due to human error or sharing is the primary threat to the business organizations. The threats refer to all those security breaches which are caused by human errors, misconfiguration or clerical errors. The human errors refer to the misconfiguration, slips or errors due to skill disadvantage or use of simple or easy to guess user names, and mistakes related to software upgrading or procedural flaws (Craig Ludloff, 2011). Information leakage due to misconfiguration can be a common problem. There are several setups for system administration such as Redis, MongoDB, Memcache and ElesticSearch. The default settings do not have any configuration for authentication, encryption or authorization of the data. It means that the data can be easily accessed by a third party. It can be critiqued that the data breach due to human error is the biggest threat to a business organization. The organization invests a large amount of money in training employees to operate organizations device or equipment. However, still a large amount of employees make mistakes in operating it. The human error can be reduced by training; however, it cannot be completely vanished. Therefore, it is the most significant error in big data application. With negligence, the employees may reveal sensitive or confidential information of the organization (Katsikas, Lambrinoudakis Furnell, 2016). The threat agent is an entity which or who has the capabilities, intention or the past activities of threatening or causing damage to the data of an organization. The threat agents can be corporation, cyber criminals, cyber terrorists, social hackers or employees. The corporations refer to the organizations or entities which are engaged in offensive methods so that they can gain competitive advantage over their competitors or to obtain significant capabilities related to any specific area of expertise. The cyber criminals are hostile factors who want to obtain financial gain or any specific skill by breaching the security system of an organization. The cybercriminals operate in local, national or international level. On the other hand, cyber terrorists are engaged in numerous activities and the cybercrime or cyber-attacks are only a part of it. They are differentiated by their motivation which can be political or religious and their capability is usually high in nature. The cyber ter rorists focus on the critical infrastructure of the location which is public health, energy production or the telecommunication infrastructure of the organization. The cyber terrorists cause severe impact on the society or the government. The online social hackers refers to the socially or the politically motivated individuals who are motivated to use online mediums to promote or protest for their cause. Along with it, the employee can also pose significant threat to a business organization. They can access a companys resource and easily leak the sensitive information. The employees can be non-hostile threat agents or hostile threat agents. The non-hostile threat agents refers to the distracted employees whereas thee disgruntled employees are included in hostile threat agents (Wheeler Winburn, 2015). The nation agents have also become another significant threat agent which may use online capabilities to use against an adversary. In the recent years, several nation states have deplo yed sophisticated cyber-attacks to secure highly-sensitive information related to intelligence, military and other technological developments. There are several practices which can be adopted to secure the sensitive information of the organization to protect the big data assets of the organization. Cryptography can be used to protect the data from unintentional leakages and to prevent unauthorized access to the data and the system. However, encryption or cryptography can create additional complexity and require additional demand and requirement for the infrastructure. Other than that, information leakage due to incapability of the information system can be addressed by integrating the security features at the initial stage of development t lifecycle of the organization. The use of ad hoc key management tools can also be used to protect the data from eavesdropping, interception or hijacking of the information. In addition to it, the nefarious activities or abuse can be addressed by establishing access control in the organization. It means that the information should be provided an appropriate level of protection according to its importance to the organization. The security protocols should be implemented according to its importance to the organization. Several cyber-attackers attack other system prevent the owners access to the system. It is called denial of service and it can be mitigated with the help of network traffic monitoring, filtering, and rate limiting and general DNS services (Bunnik, Cawley, Lulqueen Zwitter, 2016). The major trends in cyber-security are due to threat to the privacy and the confidentiality of the data streams. The primary challenge for the business organizations is the issue of personal identification information and the confidentiality of the customers and the organization. The identity fraud can result due to traffic capture and data mining. The anonymity of the users is another issue for the organization. An organization can increase the privacy by the use of cryptography; however, there are several issues related to the cryptographic technique. It includes performance and scalability, protection of logical and physical fragments. Cryptography can increase the complexity of the system and negatively impacts on the performance. Several products and ad hoc solutions can be used instead of cryptography to increase the overall performance of the system. There are also several issues related to the computing infrastructure and storage models. There are several issues related to th e lack of standardization and the portability of security controls which may arise due to the poor design of the security features of the system (Pearson Yee, 2012). ENISA Threat Landscape (ETL) is an organization which identifies the threats and other contemporary security issues with the digital system and new technologies. The organization conducts a survey with the business managers and IT professionals in different organizations posted at different levels. The organization can use other primary data collection methods to access more information related to the information security risk. In the personal perception, the organization should conduct interview with the industry experts. It will provide the customers with in-depth information related to the information security challenges and they can also identify solutions regarding how to address these challenges. The organization should also conduct research on different companies in other nations regarding the information security breach and the current breach of information. With this, the organization will have first-hand knowledge regarding different kinds of data breach. They will also be possessing knowledge regarding what to do in such situations (Hu, 2016). The organization should also examine how other highly secure organizations are managing the security of their system. The organization should identify the issues specific to the business system and the operations of the organization. The report should also suggest the security measures and tactics which can be used by the organization to address the situation. The ENISA (European Union Agency for Network and Information Security) is center for information security network which promoted information security in the private and the public sector organizations situated in EU and its member states. It provides recommendations and suggestions related to information security. It also assists the member states of the Union to develop legislations and policies to encourage information security of the business organizations. There are several public and private sector organizations which regularly deal with highly sensitive information; therefore, it is important that the organization have access to high level security arrangements. Currently, cloud and big data are frequently adopted by the business organizations as they are cost-effective method to store a large amount of information however, with emerging technologies, the security issues also evolve (ENISA, 2016). ENISA should be satisfied with its current state of IT security. It has been identified that the business organizations in European Union have developed resilient methods to protect the identity of the organization. The organization tries to maintain maximum security in private and public organizations by implementing various security measures and other tactics. Firstly, the organization implements regular analysis of the contemporary issues in the technological system of the organization. The organization has implemented cloud services for the database infrastructure and for information storage. It is a cost-effective method for information storage; however, with its implementation several security issues have also arisen. ENISA has also examined various methods related to IT infrastructure so that it can also uplift its current status of security (Halpert, 2011). It is recommended that the organization should also focus on research and development so that they can develop methods w hich can address the recent or novel security breaches. References Bunnik, A., Cawley, A., Lulqueen, M., Zwitter, A. (2016). Big Data Challenges: Society, Security, Innovation and Ethics. Springer. 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